Report of Satish Chandra Committee on Civil Services Examination

On February 27, 2012, In Reports, By upsc aspirants

This is full text of the report of Satish Chandra Committee (1989), 692 pages in original . This may not be fully legible due to an error in the old copy of the report but should still be useful for anyone wanting to study the changes it suggested in UPSC CSE examination. If you badly need the report, do mail us and we may be able to help.

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CONTENTS  i-vii 
Preface   viii-xiv 
CHISPTER-1  Introduction and brief history of the Competitive Examinations for recr!.iitment to all India and Central Services.  1-17 
Higher Civil  Services in  Indi3.  2-4 
Scheme of Separate Ccmpetitive Examination in the pre bothari Sysrem ot CAS stc. Ezamination.  4-53 
Cvrrent scheme of the Civil Services examination introduced from 1979 on the recommendationr of the kottiari Commi ttee.  8-12 

 

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Report of The Committee to Review In- service Training of The IAS officers

On February 27, 2012, In Reports, By upsc aspirants
Introduction

The Committee to Review in-service training of the IAS officers was set up in September 2001 and it submitted its Report in August 2003. The Committee consisted of seven members, all civil servants, all except one belonging to the IAS, some retired, others serving. The Committee’s chairman was B. N. Yugandhar, a former member of the IAS, and who was at one time the Director of the LBS National Academy of Administration, Mussorie. Incidentally, the committees set up since the nineties of the last century are all getting manned by civil servants with little representation from the outside public life of India . They mostly functioned like internal reflection groups.

Summary

The Committee’s terms of reference were to examine the efficiency of the existing in-service training programmes for members of the IAS and make recommendations taking into account the problems faced in the present manner of implementation and also the recommendations of previous committees set up for the purpose. The mandate given to the Yugandher Committee was thus severely limited: the Report claims purely local temporary interest.

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Surender Nath’s Committee Report

On February 5, 2012, In Reports, By upsc aspirants

 

Introduction

The twenty-first century is marked by new paradigms of market capitalism, liberalisation and globalisation demanding a new role for the country’s Civil Service created for traditional functions and steeped into Permit-Quota-Raj pattern system of governance. The Department of Personnel & Training (DoPT) constituted a Group, in December 2002, under the Chairmanship of Lt. Gen. (Retd.) Surinder Nath, former Chairman of the UPSC, to review and make recommendations with regard to the present systems of performance appraisal, promotions and lateral movement in respect of the All India Services and other Group A Services.

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Committee on Civil Service Reforms

On February 5, 2012, In Reports, By upsc aspirants

Introduction

The Fifth Central Pay Commission, 1997 had considerably raised the emolument structure in the Civil Service wanting it at the same time to become more productive, accountable and ethical. The latter objective was not achieved. On the contrary, the popular image of the nation’s Civil Service was becoming poorer. The Government of India wanted to improve the health of the Civil Service by its several interventions in the last decade or so. In 2001, it set up the K.P. Geethakrishnan Expenditure Reforms Commission, which made detailed recommendations to reduce public expenditure. In August 2000, the Civil Service Examination Review Committee was set up to suggest improvement in the examination system of the higher civil servants even though this scrutiny was initiated, independently of the executive by the Union Public Service Commission as part of its regular exercise. In 2003 the Surender Nath Committee was launched to suggest reforms in the system of performance appraisal, promotion, empanelment and placement of the higher civil servants in India . Around the some time, the B.N. Yugandhar Committee was set up to suggest appropriate in-service training to the members of the All-India services at different stages of their service careers. It is this background against which Committee of Civil Service Reforms appointed in February 2004 and mandated to submit its report within a period of six months. Matters like examination system for higher Civil Service, in-service training and performance appraised have been already examined by the above mentioned committees. The Civil Service Reforms Committee was more open ended and subsumed the earlier reports. The Committee consisted of 15 members including its chairman and the member secretary. It was a Committee exclusively of civil servants, either serving or retired. Its chairman was P.C. Hota, a retired member of the Indian Administrative Service.

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Government of India, Secretariat Procedure Committee

On February 2, 2012, In Reports, By upsc aspirants

Introduction

A move towards federation was first initiated though not formally, under the Government of India Act, 1919. This for the first time in India’s administrative history conferred definite responsibility in certain subjects on the provinces, the subjects being education, public health, local self Government, roads and buildings, agriculture, animal husbandry, cooperative societies etc. Hitherto, the Central Government was really the Government of the Governments in India. The Government of India Act, 1919 visualised a vertical division of responsibility between the central Government and the provinces. To prepare itself effectively for the new pattern of relationship with the provinces, the Government of India appointed on 12 September 1919, the Government of India Secretariat Procedure Committee under the presidentship of H.L Lewellyn Smith. Its other members were W.M Hailey, R.L.B Gall and R.L Watson, A.C Mcwatters being its Secretary. The Committee submitted its report on 20 December 1919 in less than three months.

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The Report on Indian Constitutional Reforms

On January 28, 2012, In Reports, By upsc aspirants

Introduction

War is a great catalyst in the society; its tremors are not restricted to the battlefields only. Its impact is profound and far-reaching. The First Great War (1914-18) in the winning of which India, though still a British Colony, played a significant role that intensified India’s national movement for independence to which Great Britain responded by enunciating the goal of responsible Government. The Secretary of State for India made the following announcement in the House of Commons on 20 August 1917: “the policy of this Majesty’s Government with which the Government of India are in complete accord, is that of the increasing association of Indian in every branch of the administration with a view to the progressive realization of responsible Government in India as an integral part of the British Empire”. This was a historic announcement by the colonial power marking ‘the end of one epoch and the beginning of the new one’ to quote the Report on Indian Constitutional Reforms, 1918. This proclamation was echoed in the Government of India Act, 1919, which marked a move towards the establishment of responsible Government in India by stages. A beginning was made at the provincial level and here too in half of administration – that half which was dealing with, what Montague Chelmsford Report called, ‘nation-building activities’ (read, development). In other words, ‘responsible Government was to be introduced (with suitable checks) in the provinces in that sector of administration dealing with development subjects like education, cooperatives, agriculture, animal husbandry, local self Government, public health etc.’ Indians would be entering the provincial level of administration in the developmental sector, the other half dealing with ‘reserved’ subject like law and order remaining solely with the Governor. Indian leadership would best know the felt needs of the people and thus the programmes and the schemes of development are bound to be more meaningful and realistic. As the leadership traditionally lacks administrative experiences, they were being basically political agitators who were liable to make mistakes. But the effects of such mistake would be localized and moreover they would learn from their mistakes and would be ready for larger responsibilities.

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The Royal Commission on the Public Service in India

On January 27, 2012, In Reports, By upsc aspirants

Introduction

A comprehensive examination of India’s Civil Service system was undertaken in 1912 when the British Government in London appointed what was called the Royal Commission on the Public Services in India Competitive examination for public recruitment. This was introduced in India in 1854 giving birth to a new Civil Service in the country. The patronage-based Civil Service was replaced by merit-based recruitment. There was thus no fresh addition to Haileyburians (as they were called) and thus both the streams co-existed: – The Haileyburians and the ‘Competition Wallas’ until the last Haileyburian retired from the service. The Royal Commission on the Public Services in India was set up in 1912 to examine the methods of recruitment to the Indian Civil Service and other Civil Service, imperial and provincial and conditions of service, salary, leave and pension. The Royal Commission was also to look into the employment of Indians in the Civil Service. The Royal Commission comprised of 12 members including the Chairman John Poynder, Baron Islington. Nine members including its Chairman were British while the remaining three were Indian. The Indian members were Gopal Krishna Gokhale, Mahadev Chaubal and Abdur Rahim. The Report is in twenty volumes. Volume one contains main report, volume two to volume nine contain the evidence relating to the Indian and provincial Civil Service taken in India in each of the nine provides in which made up British India and great Britain volumes XII to XX contain the evidence taken in regard to other service and department. The evidence in volume II to XI record processes accepted for the remaining volumes.

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The Government’s of India Clerks’ Salaries Committee

On January 27, 2012, In Reports, By upsc aspirants

Introduction

Discontentment on the part of personnel in an organization is gravely injurious to its image and productivity. To this end conscious efforts are made to monitor and redress the employee grievances. The Government of India has shown its concern for this problem by the appointment of Pay Commission from time to time.

Summary

The Government of India appointed, in July 1908, a Committee, to investigate the complaints of the clerical personnel working in the secretariat to find out if the prevalent scales of pay were found insufficient to attract and retain man possessing the requisite qualifications and to suggest suitable measures for remedying the position. This Committee, known as the Government of India Clerks’ Salaries Committee, had as its members J.S. Meston, G.B.H. Fell, H. Hudson, H.N. Heseltine, Sarat Chandra Banerjee, Maula Bakhsh and C.W. Caston, the first named being its Chairman. The Committee submitted its report in December of the same year.

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The Royal Commission upon Decentralization

On January 20, 2012, In Reports, By upsc aspirants

Introduction

In India the Provinces came into existence first and the Central Government came much later. What was then known as the Supreme Government could emerge only under the Regulating Act of 1773. Following the transfer of power of governance from the East India Company to the Crown in 1858, the power and functions of the Central Government in India began to expand steadily making the provinces more and more dependent on it. Governmental administration was becoming growingly centralized. Centralisation touched new heights under Lord Curzon, Viceroy of India during 1894-1904 and 1904-05. Departments after department, service after service was over-hauled. Principles were executed and standards were set causing excessive concentration of authority in the hands of Central Government. The Central Government had imposed detailed financial and administrative restrictions on the provinces, which fettered them in their plans of individual development. As a result, administrative behaviour got marked by loss of touch between officials and the people.

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The Public Service Commission

On January 20, 2012, In Reports, By upsc aspirants

 

Introduction

In 1858 Queen Victoria assured equality of opportunity to Indians in the matter of public employment. English had already been made India’s official language and arrangements for its teaching initiated. Educated Indians were in search for jobs. Yet no Indian could enter the country’s higher Civil Service till 1884 despite Queen Victoria’s solemn proclamation, which naturally aroused discontentment among Indians. To redress the accumulating grievances, the Government of India set up the Public Service Commission in 1886 under the ‘president ship’ of Sir Charles Aitchison.

Summary

The Aitchison Commission – as it was known – was charged with the responsibility ‘to devise a scheme which may reasonably be hoped to possess the necessary elements of finality and to do full justice to the claims of natives of India to higher and more extensive employment in the public service.’ The Commission was mandated to direct its attention mainly to the question of the conditions under which the natives of India should be employed in the posts which are ordinarily reserved for the covenanted service and to questions relating to the admission of natives of India and Europeans respectively to those branches of the un-covenanted service, which are directly engaged in the executive and judicial administration of the country.

Besides the President, the Aitchison Commission consisted of fifteen members and a Secretary. The Indian members were Romesh Chunder Mitter, (Raja) Udhai Pertap Singh, Sayyid Ahmad, Kazi Shahbuddin, Salem Ramaswami Mudaliyar and Krishnaji Lukshaman Nulkar. The Commission included a trained English lawyer of judicial experience, five members (excluding the President) of the covenanted Civil Service. Their personal experience of the actual working of district administration had been sufficiently varied and extensive to entitle them to speak with authority upon the subject matter of the inquiry for their own provinces. There was a representative of the non-official European and the Eurasian community respectively, a member of the un-covenanted Civil Service, and six national members selected from various provinces. Its large membership was deliberately designed to make it representative of the society at large. It included members belonging to various communities– Hindus, Muslims, Europeans and Eurasians; it provided representation to the un-covenanted service as well as to different classes and modes of thought in India the over all motive being to command the maximum confidence of the society.

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